Joint Forward Plan
The Joint Forward Plan sets out how we will deliver the Greater Manchester Integrated Care Strategy and what we will focus on.
Contents
Introduction
- The GM Context
- The composition of our Partnership
- What the data is telling us
- What residents are telling us
Our Strategy
- Overview
- Our vision and outcomes
- The Greater Manchester Model for Health and Wellbeing
What we will do – our missions
- Our missions
- Our ways of working
Strengthening our communities
- Area of Focus: Scale up and accelerate delivery of person-centred neighbourhood model
- Area of Focus: Develop collaborative and integrated working
- Area of Focus: Develop a sustainable environment for all
Helping people stay well and detecting illness earlier
- Area of Focus: Tackling health inequalities
- Area of Focus: Supporting People to Live Healthier Lives
- Area of Focus: Upscaling Secondary Prevention
- Area of Focus: Living Well with long-term conditions
Helping people get into, and stay in, good work
- Area of Focus: Enhance scale of work and health programmes
- Area of Focus: Develop good work
- Area of Focus: Increase the contribution of the NHS to the economy
Recovering core NHS and care services
- Area of Focus: Improving urgent and emergency care and flow
- Area of Focus: Reducing elective long waits and cancer backlogs, and improving performance against the core diagnostic standard
- Area of Focus: Improving service provision and access
- Area of Focus: Improving quality through reducing unwarranted variation in service provision
- Area of Focus: Using Digital and Innovation to Drive Transformation
- Area of Focus: System Resilience and Preparedness
Supporting our workforce and our carers
- Area of Focus: Workforce integration
- Area of Focus: Good Employment
- Area of Focus: Workforce Wellbeing
- Area of Focus: Addressing Inequalities
- Area of Focus: Growing and Developing
- Area of Focus: Supporting Carers
Achieving financial sustainability
- Area of Focus: Finance and Performance Recovery Programme
- Area of Focus: Securing Long-Term Financial Sustainability
How We Will Deliver
- Performance Framework
- Assurance and Governance Arrangements
- Commissioning
- Our Equality Objectives
- Locality plans
- Implementing this Plan – Next Steps
Appendix 1
How this plan addresses the statutory requirements for a JFP.
Appendix 2
Our locality plans.
Footnotes
Introduction
The way in which health and care services are organised in every part of England changed on 1st July 2022, as new national legislation came into force. Greater Manchester (GM) is now an Integrated Care System (ICS) – a partnership of organisations that come together to plan and deliver joined up health and care services, and to improve the lives of people who live and work in GM.
There is a requirement for all ICSs to develop a strategy. NHS organisations and local authorities must then have regard to this strategy when making decisions about the use of health and care resources. The five-year Strategy for the GM Integrated Care Partnership (ICP) was approved in March 2023 and can be found here.
National guidance states that each Integrated Care Board (ICB) must publish a five-year Joint Forward Plan setting out how they propose to exercise their functions. This should include the delivery of universal NHS commitments address ICSs’ four core purposes and meet legal requirements. The guidance encourages ICSs to develop the Joint Forward Plan as the delivery plan for the ICP Strategy – and this is the approach we have taken in Greater Manchester.
JFP Principles
- Principle 1: Fully aligned with the wider system partnership’s ambitions
- Principle 2: Supporting subsidiarity by building on existing local strategies and plans as well as reflecting the universal NHS commitments
- Principle 3: Delivery focused, including specific objectives
This plan describes how GM will achieve the outcomes described in the ICP strategy. Achieving these outcomes involves not only integrated health and care services but also action on the things that determine good lives. The strategy and plan describe a complex system which includes, but is not limited to, the activities under the direct influence (and resourcing) of NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care (NHS GM) Our ICP strategy describes our GM model for health, which builds on the strong partnerships already in place with wider public services, the VCSE and people and communities.
The Strategy was developed through extensive engagement with communities, partner agencies and staff, across all ten localities. Its development adapted to the feedback received and it reflects the needs and expectations of our communities. This Joint Forward Plan is built from the results of that engagement.
The GM Context
Greater Manchester is home to more than 2.8 million people with an economy bigger than that of Wales or Northern Ireland. Our population in the 2021 Census was estimated to be 2,867,800. This is an increase of 185,272 on the 2011 Census and represents a growth of 6.9% in ten years, higher than the growth across England and Wales (6.3%) over the same period.
There are ten councils in Greater Manchester: Bolton, Bury, Manchester, Oldham, Rochdale, Salford, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan. All are unitary authorities, eight are metropolitan borough councils and two, Salford and Manchester are city councils.
The Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) is made up of the ten Greater Manchester councils and the Mayor, who work with other local services, businesses, communities and other partners to improve the city-region as described in the Greater Manchester Strategy (GMS)[1].
The composition of our Partnership
The Greater Manchester Integrated Care Partnership (this is the name of our integrated care system) connects NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care, the Greater Manchester NHS Trusts and NHS providers across the whole of primary care with the GMCA, councils and partners across the VCSE, Healthwatch and the trades unions.
Greater Manchester Integrated Care Partnership Board is a statutory joint committee made up of NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care and councils within Greater Manchester. It brings together a broad set of system partners to support partnership working and it is the responsibility of this Board to develop this Integrated Care Strategy – a plan to address the wider health, and care needs of the population.
NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care, or NHS Greater Manchester (our integrated care board) is a statutory NHS organisation leading integration across the NHS, managing the NHS budget and arranging for the provision of health services in a geographical area. It supports ten place-based integrated care partnerships in Greater Manchester as part of a well-established way of working to meet the diverse needs of our citizens and communities.
Within Greater Manchester we have arrangements for providers to work together effectively at scale, including:
- The Greater Manchester Provider Federation Board (PFB): a membership organisation made up of the eleven NHS trusts and foundation trusts who provide NHS funded services across Greater Manchester and East Cheshire. It includes the NHS providers of 111, 999, patient transport services (PTS), community mental health and physical health services and hospital mental health and physical health services.
- The Greater Manchester Primary Care Board (PCB) has been supporting collaboration and integration since 2015 and will continue to support the delivery of outcomes at all levels of, and across, the system, through its various programmes and its work with all 67 Primary Care Networks[2] (PCNs) in Greater Manchester.
- Greater Manchester Directors of Adults’ and Children’s Social Care collaborating to support transformation of social care at scale. For adult social care this also includes joint working with the Greater Manchester Independent Care Sector Network.
- Voluntary, Community and Social Enterprise (VCSE) sector providers are part of a three-way agreement (the VCSE Accord) between the GMCA, NHS Greater Manchester and the VCSE Sector represented by the Greater Manchester VCSE Leadership Group, based on a relationship of mutual trust, working together, and sharing responsibility, and providing a framework for collaboration. The VCSE sector has also established an Alternative Provider Federation as a partnership of social enterprise and charitable organisations operating at scale across Greater Manchester. It provides an infrastructure for alternative providers to engage with NHS Greater Manchester on a Greater Manchester footprint.
What the Data is Telling Us
The Greater Manchester Integrated Care Partnership Strategy gives a comprehensive picture of the data about our system. This includes:
- Demographic information
- Information on inequalities
- Demand on health and care services
- The financial picture
- Workforce pressures
We have also drawn on our locality plans and local Health and Wellbeing Strategies which together identify the needs of our population and the plans in each locality to address these, aligned with our strategy and this plan (see section 10.5)
What residents are telling us
We carried out a major engagement exercise ‘The Big Conversation’ to inform the development of our ICP Strategy and this plan.
The Big Conversation had two phases. Phase one ran between March and May 2022 with the aim of consulting on the proposed vision and aims that had been suggested by the ICP leaders following a stakeholder engagement event they took part in. 1,332 people gave their views and consensus was most respondents agreed with the proposed aims and visions.
Phase two ran in October 2022 with the aim of ensuring the GM ICP had the insight it needed to be able to understand what matters most to communities across all ten localities – to help shape the priorities and actions for the strategy. Find out more about the Big Conversation.
Our Strategy
Overview
The Integrated Care Partnership Strategy outlined the key challenges facing the Greater Manchester health and care system:
- How to continue the improvements already made in GM’s approach to integrated care and population health improvement
- The wider influences on health and good lives
- Economic inclusion
- Access to services, operational pressures and increasing demand
- Health outcomes and heath inequalities
- The challenge of financial sustainability
The Strategy is clear that we must both meet these immediate pressures and continue to address their underlying causes through improving the health of our population. The missions in the strategy were developed to ensure a recognition of these challenges.
This Joint Forward Plan will describe how we will realise these aims over the next five years – with a greater emphasis on years one to three. We will revise and update this plan each year. The Plan covers all ages as we support people to start, live and age well.
Our vision and outcomes
As partners in Greater Manchester, we share the Greater Manchester Strategy (GMS) vision of wanting Greater Manchester to be a place where everyone can live a good life, growing up, getting on and growing old in a greener, fairer more prosperous city region.
For the Greater Manchester Integrated Care Partnership, this means we want to see a Greater Manchester where:
- Everyone has an opportunity to live a good life
- Everyone experiences high quality care and support where and when they need it
- Everyone has improved health and wellbeing
- Health and care services are integrated and sustainable
The Greater Manchester Model for Health and Wellbeing
Underpinning all our work is the Greater Manchester Model for Health and Wellbeing. This shows how we work with communities to protect against and prevent poor health and ensure support is available before crises occur to reduce demands on formal NHS and social care services. It is a social model for health and wellbeing with people and communities at its heart. It recognises that Greater Manchester will make the most progress in improving health if steps to tackle the social causes of health complement our clinical interventions.
Our challenge is that this Model is not universally realised across Greater Manchester. Our aim through the strategy and this delivery plan is to confirm the actions and approaches necessary to achieve this and maximise the efficiency and effectiveness of how we work together to improve our outcomes.
What we will do – our missions
Our missions
Our strategy sets out the following missions in response to the current challenges, within the context of our vision and outcomes
Strengthening our communities
We will help people, families and communities feel more confident in managing their own health and wellbeing. We will act on this with a range of programmes, including working across Greater Manchester to support communities through social prescribing, closer working with the VCSE and co-ordinated approaches for those experiencing multiple disadvantages.
Helping people stay well and detecting illness earlier
We will collaborate to reduce smoking rates, increase physical activity, tackle obesity and drug and alcohol dependency. We also want to do more to identify and treat high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and other conditions which are risk factors for poor health. Working in partnership and with targeted interventions, we will embed a comprehensive approach to reducing health inequalities.
Helping people get into, and stay in, good work
One of the purposes of Integrated Care Systems is to support wider social and economic benefits from NHS investment. We will act on this by expanding our Work and Health programmes, working with employers on employee wellbeing, through the Greater Manchester Good Employment Charter[3] and developing social value through a network of anchor institutions[4].
Recovering core NHS and care services
We will work to improve ambulance response and A&E waiting times, reduce elective long waits and cancer backlogs, improve access to primary care services and core mental health services, improve quality and reduce unwarranted variation for adults and children alike. Consistent delivery of NHS constitutional standards is a priority as our system recovers.
Supporting our workforce and our carers
We will promote integration, better partnership working and good employment practices, as well as supporting our workforce to be well and addressing inequalities faced in the workplace. We want more people choosing health and care as a career and feeling supported to develop and stay in the sector. We will consistently identify and support Greater Manchester’s unwaged carers.
Achieving financial sustainability
Financial sustainability – ‘living within our means’ – requires a focus on financial recovery of the health system to achieve a balanced position. We will identify the main reasons for financial challenges in our system, and implement a system wide programme of cost improvement, productivity, demand reduction and service transformation. Our work needs to address the current significant challenges we face across health and social care as well as taking the steps to make our system more sustainable for the long-term.
For each of the missions, we have set out the key areas of focus and the actions to deliver our vision and outcomes. These are described in greater detail in the next six chapters of this document. We have set out the accountability for the delivery of the missions. We describe this as:
- Delivery Leadership – the board/organisation leading change and improvement in the relevant part of the system. This recognises that the key responsibility for bringing together and driving delivery will sit with Locality Boards, providers, and provider collaboratives
- System Leadership – This recognises the board/group accountable for creating the system-wide conditions, frameworks, and standards to enable delivery
The proposals on accountability in this document will be revisited as part of the leadership and governance review that took place in the first quarter of 2023/2024. We expect to complete the process of implementing the recommendations by October 2023.
Our ways of working
The way that we work together will play an important part in achieving our vision through our missions. To transform public services and integrate care we need to change the way we work with communities and fundamentally challenge our approaches to delivery. These ways of working run through all our missions.
Behaviours:
- Understand and tackle inequalities
We will take action at individual, team, organisation, and system levels, informed by data, to understand and tackle inequalities.
- Share risk and resources
We will set out our expectations of each other, share data effectively, support joint working with shared resource and create a culture of collaboration. This must happen at every level and in every place.
- Involve communities and share power
We will consistently take a strengths-based approach with co-design, co-production and lived experience as fundamental ingredients.
- Spread, adopt, adapt
We will share best practice effectively, test and learn, and celebrate success, with supportive governance and resources. Adapt and implement best practice locally, in organisations and across systems.
- Be open, invite challenge, take action
We will be open, honest, consistent and respectful in working with each other. Work on the boundaries and differences that we have in a constructive way, to support effective change.
- Names not numbers
We will ensure we all listen to people, putting them at the centre, and personalising their care.
Strengthening our communities
We will help people, families and communities feel more confident in managing their own health. Our approach recognises that the organisation of the delivery of health and care services is only one of a range of contributors to the health and well-being of residents. The quality of housing, the availability of quality work, the extent to which residents are connected to their communities, and whether people feel safe also make a significant contribution.
Being deprived of these helps create and exacerbate the persistent health inequalities we see in many communities in Greater Manchester. Tackling these issues will play a key part in securing long term stability for our system – principally through keeping people well and independent in their homes and communities and reducing demand on expensive, acute services.
Our approach to this mission is underpinned by the Greater Manchester People and Communities Framework which defines our strategic approach to public engagement and involvement including key principles and commitments that support our ways of working.
Key details
Delivery Leadership:
System Leadership:
Population Health Boards
Areas of focus and actions:
1. Scale up and accelerate delivery of person-centred neighbourhood model
- Continue to develop Live Well and Social Prescribing
- Continue to Embed Creative Health Approaches
- Enhance the role of NHS GM in tackling poverty as a driver of poor health
- Expand community-based mental health provision
- Living Well at Home
- Take an inclusive approach to digital transformation
2. Develop collaborative and integrated working
- Embed the VCSE Accord
- Deliver a GM-wide consolidated programme for those experiencing multiple disadvantage
- Embed the GM Tripartite Housing Agreement
- Giving every child and young person the best start in life
- Ageing Well
- Increase identification and support for victims of violence
3. Develop a sustainable environment for all
- Delivering our Green Plan
[5] 2023/24 is the final year of Mental Health Long Term Plan Indicators and we will review the metrics in this plan as the new national indicators are published.
Area of Focus: Scale up and accelerate delivery of person-centred neighbourhood model
Neighbourhood and place-based working provides the closest connection to the broadest range of factors affecting people’s health and wellbeing. Most people will receive most of their day-to-day care for most of their lives in the neighbourhood or locality. The only place where local authority spend and planning, not only on care services, but also on the wider determinants of health, comes together with NHS spend is at the locality level.
We have a locality model in place in Greater Manchester, comprising:
- A Locality Board to ensure the priorities are decided together in the locality and support the effective joint stewardship of public resources benefiting health
- A Place Based Integrated Care Lead with dual accountability to the local authority and to NHS GM
- A place-based provider collaborative or alliance providing comprehensive, integrated care at neighbourhood and place levels
- A means of ensuring clinical and care professional input and leadership to place based working
Our localities are made up of neighbourhoods of 30,000 to 50,000 population – with Primary Care Networks at their heart. The neighbourhood model ensures that support is available before crises occur, to reduce demands on formal NHS and social care services. This is pivotal to our social model for health.
Health and Wellbeing Boards play an important role across our localities (HWBB) – including providing support and challenge to Locality Boards to ensure that a focus on health inequalities flows through all aspects of the locality’s work. This key to our work to address wider societal and economic issues through local partnerships
Action: Continue to develop Live Well and Social Prescribing
Only by working alongside people and communities to create healthier happier lives will we see sustainable improvements in the health of our population. Live Well is our programme to support this across Greater Manchester, as a key component of the person-centred neighbourhood model.
Every day, people help each other, and take part in activities that keep them moving, creative, and sociable – improving their physical health and mental wellbeing. Many people, particularly those experiencing inequalities, do not have the same chances to access these opportunities – this is where Social Prescribing can help.
Social Prescribing is a way for local organisations, services and professionals to refer people to a worker who acts as a ‘link’ between the health and care system or wider public services and the community. There are now over 200 Social Prescribing Link Workers in Greater Manchester working alongside GPs and other community organisations. Over 30,000 people a year directly access this. Through Live Well, we are committed to expanding this offer, and to ensuring it makes a targeted difference to people who experience inequalities.
We will work with, and build, on the community-led work in all our localities to expand the ‘Live Well’ offer so that all residents, particularly those experiencing inequalities, are offered the chance to maintain and improve their health, wellbeing, resilience and social connections through access to information, activities, volunteering and support. This will include:
- Expanding the ‘Live Well’ offer for key groups of people, including children and young people, and people with cancer, and people experiencing health inequalities.
- Making it easier for people to get social prescribing support, through improving connections and pathways between different parts of the system, and through new workforce roles. In our developing Primary Care Blueprint, we set out our intention to improve interdisciplinary referral pathways for Primary Care and enable wider Primary Care teams to refer directly into social prescribing initiatives, behaviour change services, and wider welfare support.
- Support community organisations to provide opportunities for people, led by what communities want, including for green social prescribing, and creative health
- For those who need more help to live well, we will continue to develop and support person centred practice in Primary Care and other public services by equipping the workforce with a framework, tools, and training. We will expand and improve the quality of personal health budgets. This supports our delivery of the comprehensive model of personalised care.
Measuring our Delivery
- Increase in social prescribing activity
- Increase in Social Prescribing Link Workers and other community connectors
- Proportionate investment in social prescribing and allied activity compared to deprivation index
- Improvements in wellbeing as measured through the ONS survey (GMS measures of anxiety and life satisfaction)
- Community wellbeing measured through GM resident survey (‘satisfaction with their local area’)
- Proportionate investment in social prescribing and allied activity compared to deprivation index
- Numbers of personal health budgets
- Rate of personalised care interventions
- Workforce training data
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- Live Well Steering Group
- Primary Care System Board
- Population Health Board
Action: Continue to Embed Creative Health Approaches
In November 2022, the Integrated Care Partnership launched the Creative Health Strategy, setting out a commitment to creative health as a core tool for addressing health inequalities and for improving access to and, in some cases, the effectiveness of specific clinical pathways
- Develop a distributed leadership network across GM to support the health and social care workforce to best employ creative health interventions and approaches.
- Promote the systematic and sustained use of creative health approaches by ensuring that clinicians, commissioners and other colleagues have access to information about creative health methodologies and practice and evidence of what works
- Support practitioners to develop and implement rigorous outcome measures and methodologies for creative health and work with HEIs (Higher Education Institutions) to generate new research on impact and outcomes.
- Deliver creative health interventions across the life course, from gestation to a good death, contributing to the delivery of Live Well.
- Develop referral pathways and opportunities to access creative health interventions and activities, especially within early years settings, secondary schools, within social prescribing and in dementia care.
Measuring our Delivery
- Creative health demonstrated to improve wellbeing of adults as measured through ONS4
- Where targeted activity has taken place- an increase in wellbeing of dementia sufferers and their carers
- Increase in creative health activity
Action: Enhance the Role of NHS GM in Tackling Poverty as a Driver of Poor Health
Poverty is the single biggest determinant of health outcomes and health inequalities. Building upon a ‘deep dive’ into poverty and health that was undertaken by the GM Population Health Board, the GM Integrated Care Partnership approved a range of actions aimed at addressing this issue.
A key feature of this response has been the development of a strategic partnership with Greater Manchester Poverty Action and tapping into their nationally recognised expertise to support NHS GM to establish an approach which can serve as an exemplar to other ICSs.
Our focus during 2023/24 is on completing the ongoing strategic review of the role of NHS GM in tackling poverty, including:
- Reviewing the current NHS GM response to poverty against existing examples of good practice and the recommendations made by the Kings Fund in their publication – ‘The NHS’s Role in Tackling Poverty’
- Assessing the feasibility of NHS GM developing an anti-poverty strategy and adopting and implementing the socio-economic duty, a tool by which public bodies can ensure decisions they consider the needs of people experiencing poverty.
In addition, during 2023/24 and 2024/25 we will:
- Complete the ongoing test and learn activity around health and care workforce training and development around Poverty Awareness and Poverty Literacy and use the findings from this to implement a scaled-up programme of training and development across the GM health and care workforce as part of the Fairer Health for All Academy
- Complete the ongoing proof of concept activity exploring the application of ‘poverty proofing’ methodology in health and care (with an initial focus on pregnant women during pregnancy and 12 weeks post-partum) in the 20% most deprived areas of GM) and use the learning from this to develop a GM approach
- Explore options to enhance the provision of welfare and debt advice and guidance services in health and care settings
- Complete ongoing activity with energy providers aimed at mitigating the potential adverse impact of high energy costs on people who have high energy consuming medical devices within their home
Measuring our Delivery
In the long term, the impact of our activity will be measured by:
- A reduction in the gap in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy between the most deprived and least deprived areas of Greater Manchester.
In the shorter term, the impact of our activity will be measured by:
- 500 NHS GM or provider staff completing poverty awareness training by the end of 2023/24 and at least 50% of all NHS GM staff completing poverty awareness training by the end of 2028/29.
- Evidence of poverty-proofing activity taking place and the development of a GM approach to poverty-proofing health and care.
- The impact of the cost of living on individuals with health and care needs, in particular:
- Reduction in the % of GM residents who are not in work due to ill health or disability who are significantly more likely to feel very / somewhat worried about the rising cost of living (GM Residents Survey)
- Reduction in the % of GM residents who are diagnosed with mental ill health who are significantly more likely to feel very / somewhat worried about the rising cost of living (GM Residents Survey)
- Reduction in the % of Gm disabled respondents (including those with a learning disability or diagnosed with a mental ill health need who are struggling to manage their debt levels (GM Residents Survey)
- Reduction in the number of Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claimants who need to access support via Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB Data Portal via GM Cost of Living Dashboard)
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- Population Health Board
- Reform Board
Action: Expand Community-Based Adult Mental Health Provision
As part of our neighbourhood model, we will expand provision of multi-disciplinary, strengths-based teams for mental health. We will aim to build resilience in people and communities and intervene earlier before people reach a point of crisis. Our approach is based on addressing historic under-investment in mental health, learning disability and autism.
Our Mental Health and Well Being Strategy sets out our aim to provide clear, accessible care pathways for people, integrating mental wellbeing, social care and physical health. We will further integrate mental health offers into Early Help, family support, housing and schools.
In line with the national Community Mental Health Transformation Framework, we are working across all ten localities to develop new and integrated models of primary and community mental health care which will support adults and older adults with severe mental illnesses and reach over 20,000 more people. A key area of work is scaling up the Living Well model across all GM localities which was successfully piloted in Salford and Tameside between 2018-2021.
Our ambition is to increase our community Mental Health offer so that fewer people escalate to crisis point. We will know we have achieved this when we are able to reduce our crisis offers and reduce the number of inpatient beds in GM without adversely impacting our communities.
Over the next five years, we will:
- Continue to develop, embed and enhance Living Well models and integrated specialist community pathways in each of the ten localities
- Engage in meaningful co-production and co-design with people with lived experience and wider stakeholders
- Improve the quality of person-centred care by developing our multi-agency teams
- Working with a shared practice model that is strengths based, trauma-informed and solutions focused
- Providing increased access to evidence based psychological therapies, social support and community connections
Measuring our Delivery[5]
- Achieve a 5% year on year increase in the number of adults and older adults supported by community mental health services
- Number of women accessing specialist community perinatal mental health services
- NHS Talking Therapies access: number of adults entering NHS funded treatment
- Access and waiting times for Children and Young People (CYP)
- Improving access (CORE 20 PLUS 5 groups) for CYP with long-term conditions to mental health services including Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), eating disorders and talking therapies.
- Better support offer for CYP with mental illness/emotional/behavioural needs presenting in acute settings – including growing the number of mental health champions in acute settings
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- GM Mental Health System Board
Action: Living Well at Home
Adult Social Care in Greater Manchester is rooted in the power of co-production with people, carers and families to enable better outcomes for people. The primary focus is on supporting people to live well at home, as independently as possible, making sure that the care and support people experience is built on their own strengths and those within the community, and is of the best quality.
The key elements of the programme are:
- RECRUIT-implementation of the GM Care academy, delivery of the GM Social Care Workforce strategy, the GM International Recruitment Programme implementation, and the recruitment strategy for social workers and nurses
- RETAIN – expand blended roles to enhanced care workers, expand the person-centred care and support Trailblazer
- GROW – continual professional development training for nurses and Occupational Therapists (OTs), succession planning, leadership development and mentoring
Market Development and Sustainability
- A diverse and sustainable market with great quality and supporting better outcomes and better lives
- Continuous improvement of the quality of social work
- Better commissioning models that support better outcomes and attract the best providers to the market
- Explore more collaboration, focussing where we can pool funding to deliver shared outcomes
- Improve number of providers using digital social care records as set out in our digital strategy
- Better utilisation of technology enabled care solutions
- Working in partnership across all aspects of safeguarding to enable the best outcomes for people, especially in relation to complexity, prevention and sharing learning
- Continued commitment to the Learning Disability strategy and the Autism Strategy
- Development of 3-year LeDeR (Learning Disabilities Mortality Review) strategy
- Develop apprenticeships programmes
- Continue roll out of the Keyworker workstream
- Roll out PACT (Paediatric Autism Communication Therapy) and Riding the Rapids training
- Continue to implement the GM justice plan
- Continue to the roll out of the CYP Keyworker workstream
- Review advocacy – GM exemplar model
Measuring our Delivery
- Workforce – increase in recruitment and retention of individuals successfully employed through the developing GM care academy
- Market shaping – more people living well at home (reduction in long term residential care)
- Quality – either a maintenance of existing or improvement of Care Quality Commission (CQC) ratings for providers, LAs and GM ICS (new single assurance framework)
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- GM Directors of Adult Social Care
Action: Take an inclusive approach to digital transformation to ensure equity for all
GM has significantly advanced the use of digital approaches across health and care, but there are still many people who cannot easily access or benefit from digitally enabled services and tools. In an increasingly digital world, people who are digitally excluded are at risk of worse access to services and poorer health outcomes, deepening inequalities.
People who are most likely to experience digital exclusion are:
- People living in deprived areas
- Inclusion health groups including people who are homeless, rough sleepers, asylum seekers and the travelling community.
- Protected groups according to age, disability and ethnicity.
A lack of digital access and skills can have a huge negative impact on a person’s life. As many as 1.2m residents in Greater Manchester could be excluded in some way to access the benefits digital brings.
The GM Digital Inclusion Action Network (DIAN) has been established by the Greater Manchester Combined Authority to ensure digital inclusion is built into the transformation of public services, place-making and economic growth. It is focused primarily on getting all under-25s, over-75s and people with disabilities online.
NHS GM will continue to work in partnership with the DIAN and Health Innovation Manchester to build inclusion into the design and development of digitally enabled services and pathways, develop targeted approaches for key communities and boosting digital capabilities and awareness of inclusion barriers.
Measuring our Delivery
- Develop and deliver a series of pan-GM projects to address digital exclusion in key service areas including virtual wards, digital GP practices and the use of remote monitoring technologies
- Monitor uptake and access to digitally enabled services according to key demographics, including over-75s, under-25s and people with disabilities
- Develop and deliver a programme to improve health and care staff awareness of digital inclusion and build skills needed to spot and support people who may be impacted – number of staff participated, % increase in awareness and competence
Accountability
- GM Digital Inclusion Action Network
- GM Health and Care Digital Transformation Board
Area of Focus: Develop collaborative and integrated working
Action: Embed the VCSE Accord
Voluntary, Community and Social Enterprise (VCSE) sector providers are part of a three-way agreement (the VCSE Accord) between the GMCA, NHS Greater Manchester and the VCSE sector.
The VCSE Accord delivery plan for 2023 to 2026 sets out the future of the Accord over the next three years. The central themes of delivery are:
- Scaling up the VCSE role in addressing inequality, population health delivery models, and in creating a more inclusive economy
- Supporting the effective Commissioning and Investment of GM VCSE action
- Helping to develop a resilient ‘VCSE Ecosystem’ in the face of current challenges
- Ensuring powerful VCSE representation and voice
- Finding ways to support Greater Manchester’s 75,000-strong VCSE workforce, 500,000 volunteers and 300,000 informal carers
Measuring our Delivery
- Three VCSE data targets met: contributing to system, access to collective data and VCSE intelligence built into decision-making
- Propositions for VCSE role in addressing wider determinants of health built into GM programmes and asks and VCSE at the heart of social and economic action in all ten localities and at GM-level
- Co-design and Co-production via VCSE sector defined and resourced
- VCSE accessing funding and investment across GM and across VCSE sector (equalities, providers, grassroots)
- All employees in the VCSE sector receive at least the Real Living Wage
- VCSE workforce at all levels (including leadership and management) is reflective of the diversity of the communities of Greater Manchester
Accountability
Action: Deliver a GM-wide consolidated programme for those experiencing multiple disadvantage
Through the Devolution Trailblazer Deal in early 2023, the Government confirmed its support for GM’s ambition to develop a city region-wide approach to supporting people and families experiencing multiple – social, economic and health –disadvantages. To support this work, the Government has agreed to review the secondary legislation that underpins pooled and aligned budgets (section 75 of the National Health Service Act 2006), with a view to amending the scope and simplifying the regulations where needed.
Demand on public services, including health and care, is often driven by cohorts of residents who are in contact with multiple agencies – for instance, people with drug and alcohol problems; people who are homeless; people with a range of complex long-term conditions who frequently present to acute services through A&E and other routes.
They are among the most vulnerable in our communities, and often experience entrenched disadvantage, long term unemployment, trauma and health inequalities. The most at-risk adults and children and young people in this situation are estimated to cost the public purse five times more than the average citizen per year.
These plans will support our aim to move from a system characterised by responses to cycles of chronic illness and exacerbation to one focused on a proactive model that keeps people well at home and in their communities. They build on learning from the Supporting Families (Troubled Families) programme, Rough Sleeper Initiative, Housing First, Changing Futures and Working Well.
Our key actions in 2023/24 are:
- Define a cohort
- Demonstrate the demand reduction opportunities
- Draw together a blueprint for programme delivery
Measuring our Delivery
For the identified cohort:
- Reduction in crisis presentation and presentation to acute services
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- Reform Board
Action: Embed the GM Tripartite Housing Agreement
The home is a driver of health inequalities. Inadequate housing causes or contributes to many preventable diseases and injuries. Direct effects of an inadequate home on a person’s health can include heart attacks, stroke, respiratory disease, flu, falls and injuries, hypothermia and poor mental health. Poor quality housing is estimated to cost the NHS at least £1.4 billion per year in first year treatment costs alone.
The GM Tripartite Agreement ‘Better Homes, Better Neighbourhoods, Better Health’, is a collaboration between Greater Manchester Housing Providers, Greater Manchester Combined Authority and NHS Greater Manchester Integrated Care to deliver positive change across the city region. The Agreement sets out a collective vision to work alongside local people, neighbourhoods and stakeholder organisations to create lasting solutions to complex issues and challenges centred on housing and health.
Measuring our Delivery
- Increase supply of supported and specialist homes to support delivery of health and care system priorities
- Integrating housing pathways and models of joint working into place-based delivery via PCNs
- Delivery of the action plan on Damp, Mould and Condensation
- Delivery of the GM Good Landlord Charter to drive up standards in rented homes
- Activity to make our homes warmer and reduce fuel poverty, including domestic retrofit measures, delivery of Truly Affordable Net Zero homes, NHS GM Warm Homes pilots
- Acting on the GM Healthy Homes framework to deliver consistent Home Improvement Agency services and policies
- Private rented sector interventions, including Good Landlord Scheme
- Responding to homelessness and rough sleeping – including embedding Inclusion Health principles in commissioning and delivery and ongoing health system investment
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- Population Health Board
- Tripartite Agreement Core Group
Action: Giving every child and young person the best start in life
Greater Manchester is passionate about ensuring that all our children and young people get the best start in life and are cared for, nurtured and supported to grow up well and achieve their ambitions in life.
We will support our children and young people to get the best start in life through a joined-up approach to their early years’ development. We will wrap support around our most vulnerable young people to give every child the opportunity to live their best life through access to quality education and opportunities that respond to their needs. We will give young people a voice in how we develop policy and make decisions that affect their lives.
There are strong foundations to build on. This includes work over the last decade to develop common practice standards for groups of young people (for example Children with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities and Care Leavers). The specific health case for investment in children is extremely strong. The life course costs of late intervention have been estimated at £17bn across England and Wales (including nearly £4bn borne by the NHS).
Around 1 in 4 children and young people continue to live in poverty, according to Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) data on the percentage of children age 0-15 living in low-income households. There are disproportionately high numbers of children and young people across GM who are at risk, vulnerable or have complex needs.
GM partners (health education, voluntary, criminal justice sectors, GMCA and local authorities) have adopted a system-wide approach, delivered through a combined Children and Young People Plan. The GM Children Board, reporting to the Integrated Care Partnership, and GMCA acts as a system board that represents the range of accountabilities brought together to deliver on the priorities in the Children and Young People Plan.
We have set out our priorities for children and young people:
- Early years – Taking an integrated approach to early years recognising the importance of 1,001 critical days and responding to the detrimental impact of Covid-19 on the development of children age 0-5
- Children and young people with long term conditions – Taking a preventative approach to tackling issues that may contribute to longer term conditions such as obesity and asthma and ensuring those with long term conditions get the high-quality treatment they need in their communities
- Family help (including family hubs) – Working towards a shared vision of family help where families can get the help they need from the right places and people in their communities including health professionals
- Education outcomes – With particular focus on tackling the issues that impact on school attendance/absence
- Mental health and wellbeing – Responding to the rise in the number of children and young people being referred to CAMHS through a focus on earlier support and preventing escalation in the community whilst also having the right pathways in place for those in crisis. This includes responding to #Beewell[6] as an important piece of insight into the wellbeing of GM children
- Care for / care experienced young people – Understanding and responding to the specific health needs of this important group of young people recognising including those placed in specialist residential care units
- Children and young people with SEND – Work together to improve the experience of children and young people with SEND (and their carers) through common standards, joint commissioning and a commitment to addressing inconsistencies in the offer across GM
- Adolescents –Improve the way we work with Adolescents in GM including the implementation of a GM Adolescent Safeguarding Framework
- Children and Young people in the Criminal Justice System – responding to the health needs of young offenders recognising that many of these young people have unidentified needs until they enter the youth justice system
- Domestic Abuse – recognising the significant impact domestic abuse has on the lives of children and young people and the need for a cross sector response to tackling these issues in our communities
- Speech, Language and Communications – Responding to emerging evidence of delayed early language development in under 5s early years due to the impact of children missing out on early education and normal social interactions during Covid-19 in addition to challenges on workforce and waiting times
- Trauma Responsive Care – implement our system plans to become an Adverse Childhood Experience (ACE) and Trauma Responsive system
- Workforce –We must look at how we tackle common challenges across the children’s workforce including recruitment and retention in addition to training around core competencies. Continued focus on a Trauma responsive workforce and the importance of neurodiversity
To give every child the best start in life, we will continue to improve maternity services. In doing so, we will:
- Address inequalities within maternity services through delivery of the Greater Manchester and Eastern Cheshire Maternity Equity and Equality Plan 2022-2027. This includes meeting the national priority to reduce workforce vacancies in maternity
- Implement Saving Babies Lives version 3 within our maternity providers with the intention to reduce still birth rates, early neonatal deaths and maternal deaths
- Fully embed the Smoke Free Pregnancy (SFP) programme into the mainstream maternity journey to achieve the high-level performance seen pre-pandemic (see section 6.2.1)
- Standardise pathways to prevent alcohol harm in pregnancy across all the GM maternity providers
- Continue rolling out the ‘As Soon as You’re Pregnant’ campaign to encourage early booking and to increase timely uptake of screening tests, including those for sickle cell and thalassaemia
Measuring our Delivery
- 83% of children to reach the expected level of development by 2024
- Improved access to speech and language therapy services
- Increase the uptake of funded childcare and early education places for 2-year-olds by April 2024
- Improve vaccination uptake for routine immunisations
- Continue to deliver the Long Term Plan (LTP) ambitions through the three-year delivery plan for maternity and neonatal services to deliver safer, more personalised, and more equitable care, including mental health care, for women, babies and families
- SATOD (Smoking at Time of Delivery) rate to be reduced to 4% or less by 2026
- School readiness: Increase in the percentage of children achieving a good level of development at the end of reception
- Reduction in the neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates
- Reduction in the infant mortality rate
Accountability
- GM Children and Young People’s Board
- Population Health Board
- Locality Boards
- GM Maternity and Neonatal System Board
Action: Ageing Well
The pursuit of an age-friendly Greater Manchester is in line with the UN Decade of Ageing and the WHO (World Health Organisation) Age-friendly cities and communities’ programme. Our approach focuses on improving financial security, tackling inequalities, and creating places for people to age well through healthy, active, and connected lives. We do this by championing the voice of older people, challenging ageism, growing the GM age friendly movement, and delivering changes across our city region to improve later life. The key themes within the Greater Manchester Age-Friendly strategy are work and money (financial hardship), places, ageing well, and working together.
A unique cross-sector Ageing Hub partnership brings together the Greater Manchester system leadership at the Ageing Hub Executive Group and a range of task groups, to collectively deliver on the strategy, supported by the Ageing Hub team at GMCA. The Ageing Hub works alongside the 10 districts of Greater Manchester to integrate age-friendly approaches at a neighbourhood, district, and Greater Manchester level.
The Greater Manchester Ageing in Place Pathfinder is a £4 million investment (2022-25) by partners, led by GMCA, in eight neighbourhoods to create strong and supportive neighbourhoods to improve connection, health and wellbeing of residents over 50 years of age. The Pathfinder is designed to support the GM, district and neighbourhood partners to test evidence-based approaches and learn to sustain and scale this work across Greater Manchester.
Measuring our Delivery
- Number of neighbourhoods with identifiable Ageing Well Action Plans
- Number of neighbourhoods with identifiable Ageing Well Action Plans
- Demonstrable evidence of the voice and lived experience of older people informing action in the places they live.
- A shared outcomes framework for Ageing Well across all partners to support commissioning (both for older people and the system)
- Age-friendly plans for each district supported by a system-wide partnership for ageing
Accountability
- Greater Manchester Ageing Well Steering group
- Ageing Hub Executive Group
- Greater Manchester Reform Board
- GM Population Health Board
Action: Increase identification and support for victims of violence in all health care settings
We are working collaboratively with partners to develop community-led, whole system approaches to violence reduction, and to refine our ways of working through a Trauma Informed and Responsive lens to enhance wellbeing and prevent the cyclical nature of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE).
In response to our statutory safeguarding duties and legal duties (Serious Violence Duty and Domestic Abuse Act) and to fulfil the NHS commitments in the GM Gender Based Violence Strategy[7] and emerging Violence Reduction strategy we will:
- Provide inter-generational support for parents, families, adults and children to prevent ACEs.
- Develop adversity and trauma-informed workforce and services and systems
- Increase societal awareness and supporting action across communities and create a social movement for change to develop as a Trauma responsive City Region
- Develop community-led solutions to violence reduction through culture and sport as part of social prescribing pathways
- Increase identification and support for victims of violence in health care settings, including development of primary care and sexual health services pathways for victims of gender-based violence and Community Navigator pilots in Urgent care
- Develop integrated pathways for victims of sexual assault who have complex mental health problems
- Develop tailored health and well-being pathways for children and young people and women in contact with police, custody, court and probation services and on release from prison
- Establish clear relationships between Community Safety Partnerships, Locality Boards and Health and well-being boards
- Review trends in Domestic Homicide, key themes emerging for the health and care system and mechanisms to ensure learning is applied across the health and care system and built into performance and governance systems
- Complete Serious Violence Needs Assessments in all ten Localities and ensure violence reduction is embedded within neighbourhood, Locality and GM strategies and plans
Measuring our Delivery
- Number of trauma leads and champion roles across third and public sector organisations
- Number of trauma/ACE recognised trainers and professionals working in the health and care system
- Trauma/ACE embedded within communities of practice at neighbourhood, Locality and GM level
- Referrals from urgent and primary care into the Violence Reduction Community navigator programme
- Referral from health and care settings into domestic and sexual violence advocacy services.
Accountability
- Population Health Board
- Locality Boards
- GMCA Gender based Violence Board and Violence Reduction Board
Area of Focus: Develop a sustainable environment for all
Action: Delivering the NHS Green Plan
Climate change is the greatest global health threat facing the world in the 21 st century, but it is also the greatest opportunity to redefine the social and environmental determinants of health (Lancet Commission, 2009).
In May 2022, we published our Green Plan 2022-2025, aligning priorities and carbon budgets with the national NHS Delivering a ‘Net Zero’ National Health Service report and the GMCA 5 Year Environment Plan. Two overarching goals are outlined:
- To achieve a net zero NHS GM Integrated Care Carbon Footprint by 2038 – this target is the science-based approach outlined in the GMCA 5-Year Environment Plan. We will seek assurance that providers are delivering against their own plans, whilst focusing on priorities that we can deliver most effectively by working together.
- To achieve a net zero NHS GM Integrated Care Carbon Footprint Plus by 2045 – this is a national NHS target to eliminate the carbon impact of the goods and services we buy. We will work closely with national and regional partners to achieve this
Over the next five years we will focus on delivering and scaling up activities outlined in the Green Plan, refreshing this as necessary to ensure it remains current, and maximising the opportunities from collaboration.
- Ensure all Trusts have robust travel plans in place and work closely with Local Authorities and TfGM (Transport for Greater Manchester) to improve access to sites by active travel and public transport,
- Consider carbon emissions from procurement
- Harness the carbon reduction opportunities presented by digital transformation
- Engage the system-wide workforce with the net zero agenda by developing comprehensive training, awareness and behaviour change programmes
- Embed net zero into commissioning processes and across more clinical services
- Work closely within the NHS GM Anchors Network to drive a more strategic and aligned focus across trusts and localities
- Ensure appropriate prescribing by supporting social and low carbon options, with support for patients to reduce medicines waste
Measuring our delivery
- Total carbon footprint and carbon footprint normalised against activity
- Inhalers carbon footprint
- Increase in active and sustainable travel by staff and patients (as demonstrated through % modal shift in survey responses)
Accountability
- Population Health Board
- GM Net Zero Delivery Board
Helping people stay well and detecting illness earlier
There is a strong rationale for the NHS to increase its focus on prevention and improving population health outcomes. For the past decade, improvements in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy have stalled, and inequalities have widened.
Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy for people born in GM is significantly lower than the England average. Importantly, much of this burden of poor health and early death (borne disproportionately by the most deprived and marginalised communities) can be attributed to conditions that are preventable through coordinated action across the health and care system.
Key details
Delivery Leadership:
System Leadership:
Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Committee (CEG); Population Health Board
Areas of focus and actions:
1. Tackling inequalities
- Implementing a GM Fairer Health for All Framework
- Reducing health inequalities through CORE20PLUS5 (adults)
- Equity in access to care and improved experience and outcomes for all children and young people (CORE20PLUS5 clinical priorities)
- Implementing GM Women’s Health Strategy
2. Supporting people to live healthier lives
- A renewed Making Smoking History Framework
- Reducing Harms from Alcohol
- Enabling an Active Population
- Promoting Mental Wellbeing
- Food and Healthy Weight
- Improving Sexual Health Services
- Eliminating New Cases of HIV and Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
- Increasing the uptake of vaccination and immunisation
3. Upscaling secondary prevention
- Early Cancer Diagnosis
- Early detection and prevention of cardiovascular disease
- Earlier diagnosis of Respiratory Conditions through Quality Assured Spirometry
- Early detection of unmet health needs for those living with Learning Disability and those with Severe Mental Illness
4. Living well with long-term conditions
- Managing Multimorbidity and Complexity
- Optimising Treatment of long-term conditions
- Expansion of the Manchester Amputation Reduction Strategy (MARS) across NHS GM
- The GM Dementia and Brain Health Delivery Plan
- Taking an evidenced based approach to responding to frailty and preventing falls
- Anticipatory Care and Management for people with life limiting illness
The complexity and breadth of activity that is required to drive change through prevention and early detection is set out in our GM Framework for Prevention below:
For the purposes of the framework, we have used the broader definition of secondary prevention, used by the UK chief medical officers, to include “evidence based, preventive measures to help stop or delay disease, taken during an interaction between an individual patient and a clinician” [8].
Our framework has four distinct areas of focus:
- Tackling inequalities and reducing unwarranted variation through Core20Plus5 and the GM Fairer Health for All Framework
- Supporting people to live healthier lives by implementing comprehensive approaches to tackling behavioural risk factors for illness
- Upscaling secondary prevention across the NHS (including the early identification of risk and diagnosis of illness, and the effective management to prevent progression).
- Supporting people to live well with long term conditions through the equitable, effective, and efficient management of diagnosed health conditions
We need to put in place more upstream models of care and integrated neighbourhood models that better address the needs of those at higher risk of illness, and those not currently in contact with services. This will require increased population health management capability.
Secondary prevention must be an integral part of all patient care pathways. All medical and allied professionals have an opportunity to ‘make every contact count’. Prevention activities also need to be extended to population groups with historically low uptake, and those not in contact with NHS services, to ensure delivery within communities and neighbourhoods.
As set out in the GM Prevention Framework, the NHS also has an important role to play in working across the system with partners to address the root causes of ill health (relating to factors such as poverty, education, work, and housing), and to shape GM as a place that is conducive to good mental and physical health.
Area of Focus: Tackling health inequalities
Action: Implementing a GM Fairer Health for All Framework
Health inequalities mean that some groups have significantly worse health outcomes and experience than others. These inequalities are avoidable, unfair, and systematic.
Reducing health inequalities is a priority for NHS GM and we continue to work in partnership across the NHS, local government, and voluntary sector to take comprehensive approaches to address the socio-economic causes of poor health. In doing so, we must ensure that we address the profound inequalities experienced by those communities that face specific challenges in accessing health and care services and those at greatest risk including rough sleepers, migrants and people in prescribed places of detention.
We have worked with system partners and communities to codesign a Fairer Health for All Framework to ensure that health equity and equality and sustainability are embedded systematically at the heart of our decision making, system leadership and governance. The Framework outlines our shared principles and provides a set of intelligence, workforce development and leadership tools in the Academy and Intelligence hub which will enable coordinated action to reduce inequalities.
The Fairer Health for All Academy is creating opportunities for partners to share learning on how they are developing social models for health that go beyond clinical intervention and create upstream models of care that are
- Person-centred – involving patients in decision-making and planning their health and social care that shifts the balance of power between patient and clinicians/care givers
- Trauma-responsive – promoting the use of non-blaming, non-shaming language that recognises and responds to the patient’s experiences of violence, trauma, and adverse experiences
- Health promoting – health and care settings that create opportunities for people to eat well, stay active, connect, and access support to live well.
- Integrated with broader welfare, financial, emotional and social support, – clear referral pathways into housing, skills, and employment support as wider wrap around support to clinical care.
- Serving neighbourhoods and communities – Targeted, inclusive and proportionate to the needs and assets in different neighbourhoods and communities of interest and identity
- Environmentally sustainable – maximise access to green spaces and to active travel while minimising the green impact of health and care interventions.
The GM Health and Care Intelligence Hub is a web-based portal that is being co-designed to bring together data, community insight, web-based tools, guidance, shared learning and workforce development resources to support people working in health and care to better understand health inequalities and variation in care in their areas and implement upstream models of care.
Cross-sectoral intelligence (data and insight from public and VCSE partners accessed via the GM Health and Care Intelligence Hub), supports a shift in how we understand health inequalities across the life course and for people with multiple conditions to inform allocation of resources according to need. This cross-sectoral approach is facilitated through a GM VCSE intelligence group, and investment in VCSE capacity and skills to collate and analyse data and insight.
The Intelligence Hub contains Population Health Management tools which facilitate a shift in how we understand health inequalities across the life course for people with multiple conditions and how we understand the inter-section between different protected characteristics. These tools will support people planning and delivering care to identify and enrol individuals onto acute and chronic disease remote monitoring programmes; mitigate risks of health deterioration; and support the identification of appropriate population level or prevention interventions.
Our key delivery actions are:
- To continue to build and sustain our adaptive capability (analysis, people, and systems) within NHS GM for population health management and strategic intelligence. In years 1 and 2, we will continue the development and application of the record-level longitudinal linked dataset across health and care.We will capture best practice for population health management and design and implement targeted development programmes aligned to major system programmes, including CORE20PLUS5 clinical areas and primary care blueprint priorities. In addition, we will establish a strategic intelligence business ‘unit’, to support the NHS GM and specifically the PH Board to determine whether the system is going the right things and at the right scale to maximise our city region’s health, including a focus on the economics of prevention i.e. what prevention brings to economic growth and health and care demand.
- To launch Fairer Health for All Academy. The Priority learning and development programmes in 2023/24 for the Fairer Health for All Academy include: co-production of a leadership programme, a fellowship programme for people working in the VCFSE sector, primary and secondary care, and establishing at least three communities of practice supporting Live Well, Population Health Management and integrated neighbourhood working.
- To further develop VCSE-primary care partnerships to address the CORE20PLUS5 clinical priority areas. In 2023/4, as part of the implementation of the primary care blueprint we will synthesise the learning from the CORE20PLUS5 community connector pilot led by the Caribbean African Health Network and the VCSE-PCN partnership pilots into a series of practical guides and tools.
Measuring our Delivery
- Narrow the gap in healthy life expectancy between men and women living in GM and between all ten Localities and the England average
- Reduction in avoidable mortality
- Reductions in health inequality in the onset of multiple morbidities
Accountability
Action: Delivery of CORE20PLUS5 (adults)
The CORE20+5 framework for adults outlines the key clinical areas that should be targeted to reduce health inequalities.
Of the five clinical areas of health inequalities, severe mental illness annual health checks, chronic respiratory disease, early cancer diagnosis and hypertension case finding are covered in Area of Focus: Upscaling Secondary Prevention
We have developed a Maternity Equity and Equality Action Plan. The plan has been carefully co-designed and co-produced with the people we serve. It is an ambitious and dynamic plan with particular focus on those areas that make the biggest impact:
- Preconception care
- Early access to antenatal services
- Enhanced Midwifery Continuity of Carer
- Personalised Care and Support Planning
- Black and Asian Maternity Equity Standards
- Universal and Targeted vitamin D supplementation
- Embedding of Saving Babies’ Lives Care Bundle, including the Smokefree Pregnancy programme
- Addressing raised BMI
- Establishment of Family Hubs across GM
In 2022 the GM Equity and Equality steering group was established which brings together clinical, VCSE, education colleagues to oversee and deliver the Maternity Equity and Equality Action Plan.
The group have already delivered on improvements identified in the plan including the development of Black and Asian Maternity Equity Standards, public facing information materials, working with Maternity Action to support pregnant women at work and the commencement of a student mentor scheme.
GM Cancer Alliance established a Cancer Health Inequalities Working group in 2021, and it leads on the health inequalities work programme for the cancer system in GM.
Examples of work include:
- A report commissioned by the Cancer Alliance and undertaken by GMCVO into the inequalities in cancer prevention, diagnosis and care
- A review of GM Cancer’s User Involvement Programme assessing what a successful and effective programme looks like and how can it be more diverse and work for everyone
The strategy and implementation plan for 2023-24/5 was approved by the GM Cancer Board in May 2023.
Key priorities are:
- Make health inequalities everyone’s business. For the cancer system to achieve its overall goals around early diagnosis, operational performance and personalised care and treatment, health inequalities must be addressed
- Better use of data, understanding health inequalities in the cancer system and the impact we are having
- Target all cancer innovation and improvement to tackle health inequality groups as set out in CORE20PLUS5
- Funding of two health inequalities pieces of research, one to look at how inclusive our cancer research population is and one to increase up take from our ethnic minority communities in cancer clinical trials
Measuring our Delivery
- Ensuring Continuity of Maternity Care for 75% of women from BAME communities and the most deprived groups
- Achieve 75% of cancers being diagnosed at stage 1 or 2 by 2028
Accountability
- Locality Boards
- Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Committee (CEG)
- Population Health Board
- Quality and Performance Committee
- GM Cancer Board
- GM Maternity Board
Action: Equity in access to care and improved experience and outcomes for all children and young people (CORE20PLUS5 clinical priorities)
The national CORE20PLUS5 framework for children and young people (CYP) outlines the key clinical areas relating to secondary prevention that should be targeted to reduce health inequalities
Over the next five years, we will:
- Build on the existing partnerships and cross-sectoral leadership in GM, through the newly established GM Childrens Board, to enable a social model of care for CYP so that equity, inclusion, and sustainability are at the heart of all care pathways.
- Asthma – Test out population health approaches to asthma prevention and management through asthma friendly schools’ pilots, programmes to develop CYP asthma peer mentors in primary and secondary schools and integrated care pathways
- Diabetes – Implement a whole system approach to enabling CYP and their families to eat well, move more and achieve a healthy weight
- Epilepsy – Review access to Epilepsy Specialist Nurses and epilepsy tertiary services
- Dental and Oral Health – Reduce tooth decay in children by delivering a GM Oral Health Improvement Programme to increase the number of children brushing their teeth every day; improve access to dental services for children; increase the dental practices that are in the Child Friendly Dental Practice (CFDP) Network; develop the dental care pathway for looked after children; and raise the number of sessions for children who need dental extraction(s) in a hospital setting.
- Mental Health – increase access to community and crisis services through support teams working with education settings and implement a core mental health offer for Cared For/Care Leavers including Speech and Language support and Trauma Informed Care
We will draw on the #BeeWell survey to inform and develop our priorities. #BeeWell, the youth-led survey of young people’s wellbeing and experiences, was co-designed with 150 young people to provide an insight into how pupils in schools across Greater Manchester. Almost 40,000 pupils in Years 8 and 10 responded to the survey when it was launched in 2021. The survey is the largest of its kind in the country and we plan to expand it further.
Measuring our Delivery
- A reduction in avoidable admissions and emergency attendances for relevant clinical conditions
- Reduction in rate of emergency admissions for asthma for CYP aged 18 years and under from 180.1 per 100,000 population to 137.12 per 100,000 in line with the North West average by March 2024.
- Reduction in rate of emergency attendances at hospital for asthma for CYP aged 18 years and under
- Reduction in rate of emergency hospital admissions for diabetes for CYP aged 18 years
- Reduction in rate of emergency attendances at hospital for diabetes for CYP aged 18 years and under
- Decrease in rate of epilepsy-related emergency admissions for CYP aged 18 years and under from 31.98 per 100,000 population
- Reduction in rate of emergency attendances at hospital for epilepsy for CYP aged 18 years and under from 163.4 per 100,000 population
- Year on year reduction in prescription of oral steroids
- Increase access to CGM (Continuous Glucose Monitoring) from 10.9% to 20.9% in the most deprived quintile
- Increase access to insulin pumps from 23.5% to 27.7% in the most deprived quintile
- Minimum of 60% of CYP with diabetes received all 7 care processes.
- % of children and young people with epilepsy, with input by epilepsy specialist nurse within the first year of care (Minimum 85%)
- % of children and young people with epilepsy after 12 months where there is evidence of a comprehensive care plan that is agreed between the person, their family and/or carers and primary and secondary care providers, and the care plan has been updated where necessary. (Minimum 74%)
- % of children and young people meeting defined criteria for paediatric epilepsy surgery
- Referral criteria with evidence of epilepsy surgery referral (Minimum 50%)
CYP Oral Health
- Increase the number of settings recruited to the GM Oral Health Improvement Programme
- Reduce the waiting times for proportion of children waiting more than 18-weeks for dental extractions in a hospital setting
- Increase proportion of children and young people (aged 0-18-years) accessing routine and urgent NHS General Dental Service
CYP Mental Health
- Improved access to mental health support for children and young people in line with the national ambition for 345,000 additional individuals aged 0-25 accessing NHS funded services (compared to 2019)
- The Greater Manchester Assessment and In-reach Centre (GMAIC) available 7 days a week with a 24/7 consultation service to support the wider system with young people presenting in crisis to urgent and emergency settings.
- GM-wide, 24/7 single point of access for all CYP crisis services to improve accessibility and system navigation for referrers and specialist pathways to support looked after young people experiencing emotional distress
Accountability
- Children’s System Board
- Population Health Board
- Mental Health and Wellbeing Board
- Quality and Performance Committee
- Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Committee (CEG)
Action: Implementing the Greater Manchester Women’s Health Strategy
Inequalities interact in complex ways with socio-economic position in shaping women and girls’ health status. We also know that there are systematic gender differences in health outcomes and gender stereotyping impacting on individual decision-making processes regarding health.
In early 2023, we finalised the Greater Manchester Women’s Health Strategy. This was a response to the National Women’s Health Strategy (2022). The purpose of the strategy is to consolidate all contributions towards advancing women’s health outcomes across Greater Manchester in one overarching 10-year strategy.
Measuring Our Delivery
- Create a more collaborative, person-centred, trauma informed approach across different public services to respond collectively to the range of circumstances that contribute to women’s disparities across their life course
Accountability
Action: Monitoring and targeting of unwarranted variation in outcomes
Pivotal to the system approach to reducing health inequalities is access to cross-sectional data through the GM Advanced Data Science Platform (ADSP). The ADSP has been created to ensure that we have a wide range of interoperable and specialist capabilities to support the creation of insight for clinicians and multidisciplinary teams and intelligence to support service optimisation and population health.
Cross-sectoral intelligence (data and insight from public and VCSE partners accessed via the GM Health and Care Intelligence Hub), supports a shift in how we understand health inequalities across the life course and for people with multiple conditions to inform allocation of resources according to need. This cross-sectoral approach is facilitated through a GM VCSE intelligence group, and investment in VCSE capacity and skills to collate and analyse data and insight.
The GM Health and Care intelligence hub is a web-based portal that is being co-designed to bring together data, community insight, web-based tools, guidance, shared learning and workforce development resources to support people working in health and care to better understand health inequalities and variation in care in their areas and implement upstream models of care.
These technologies enable the development of a record-level longitudinal linked dataset which combines primary, secondary, mental health, social care and community data held in our GM shared care record with other health and care data that is available nationally and via local flows from providers. Using this combined data, we can support clinicians to identify and enrol individuals onto acute and chronic disease remote monitoring programmes; mitigate risks of health deterioration; and support the identification of appropriate population level or prevention interventions.
Measuring our Delivery
- Continued development and application of the record-level longitudinal linked dataset across health and care
System Leadership
Area of Focus: Supporting People to Live Healthier Lives
We know that if Greater Manchester was a place that enabled people to smoke less, drink less alcohol, do more exercise, and eat better food, it would have a major impact on health and wellbeing. There are also stark disparities in the prevalence of healthy and unhealthy behaviour and variance in terms of the support that is available to people, which in turn drives unacceptable levels of health inequality. We also know that unhealthy behaviours are a symptom of the presence of deep-seated societal and commercial causes of poor health.
Action: A renewed Making Smoking History Framework to deliver our smokefree ambition
We are committed to becoming the first global city region to be smokefree and since 2017 has been delivering the evidence-based Making Smoking History (MSH) Strategy.
Reducing smoking prevalence is integral to GM’s approach to tackling inequalities. Becoming a smokefree city region by 2030 creates a unique opportunity to reduce health inequality and increase healthy working life expectancy with ONS estimating that overall healthy life expectancy would increase by just over 6 years for men and 7 years for women if GM becomes smokefree by 2030 (a prevalence of <5%).
An updated Making Smoking History (MSH) five-year framework will be published in Autumn 2023. The refreshed framework will further strengthen our reputation as national leaders in tobacco control through a strong commitment to innovation and research and delivering behaviour change. Over the next five years we will deliver our GMPOWER approach:
- Growing our social movement with communities to create change culture, denormalise smoking and turn off the tap of new young smokers. This includes working with housing providers and communities on smoke free homes
- Monitoring and evaluating prevalence through the national Smoking Toolkit Study and through increasing research collaboration with academia.
- Protecting people from secondhand smoke. Work will continue through the WHO Bloomberg Partnership for Health Cities to deliver more outdoor smokefree spaces.
- Offering every smoker support to quit, targeted at the most disadvantaged. This includes comprehensive programmes within acute and community services (CURE, Smoke Free pregnancy, SMI mental Health, Targeted Lung Health Checks), as part of a wider model of support delivered through pharmacy, community, and digital.
- Warning of the dangers of tobacco through insights driven, multi-media behaviour change
- Enforcing regulation across the full range of tobacco and nicotine regulation including action to protect young people from vaping products
- Raising the price of tobacco is achieved both through advocacy for national tax increases and GM coordination of a Tackling Illicit Tobacco programme
Measuring our Delivery
- Reduced smoking prevalence in overall population – GM and locality targets
- Reduced smoking prevalence in Routine and Manual groups – GM and locality targets
- Reduced smoking at time of delivery/during pregnancy
- SOF metrics for NHS LTP Treating Tobacco Dependency Programmes
Accountability
Action: Reducing Harms from Alcohol
Alcohol is a significant cause of health harms and Greater Manchester residents experience this disproportionately, which culminates in demand for health and care services.
Reducing alcohol harm at a pace which meets our ambitions will require a scaling up and acceleration of our current whole system efforts and extensive collaboration with a range of partners.
Over the next five years we will:
- Develop the independent evaluation of an evidence-based and co-produced NHS GM plan to tackle the health harms associated with alcohol, as a constituent part of a refreshed overarching GM Drug and Alcohol Strategy
- The development of this plan will be underpinned by a strategic evidence and research partnership with the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration (Greater Manchester); comprehensive primary research into the alcohol consumption behaviours of children and young people in Greater Manchester; and focused engagement with high-risk cohorts
- Commission a community-led ‘Ambition for Alcohol’ aimed at accelerating a social movement for change in Greater Manchester
- Build on our activity to date on tackling the harms associated with alcohol consumption in pregnancy by fully implementing the NICE Quality Standards for Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)
- Continue to monitor and evaluate our existing Alcohol Care Teams (ACTs) and improve quality, and reduce variation through the development of a GM Community of Practice
Measuring our Delivery
The impact of our activity will be measured by closing the gap to the national average for:
- Alcohol specific mortality
- Admission episodes for alcohol specific conditions
- Admission episodes for alcohol specific conditions – Under 18s
Accountability
- Population Health Board
- Drug and Alcohol Programme Board
Action: Enabling an Active Population
Greater Manchester Moving is our social movement of people, communities, and organisations, from every sector and place across the city region, with a shared goal of enabling Active Lives for All, aligned behind the knowledge and belief that:
- Moving matters to us all
- We need to design movement back into our lives
- Everyone has a role to play
GM Moving in Action 2021-31 sets out our collective strategy and system approach for achieving this mission, making it easier for people to move more and a natural part of how we all live, travel, work, and play.
Approximately 30% of the GM population are still not experiencing the health benefits of physical activity and the patterns in the data reflect the social determinants of health and point to a need for culture, systems, and behaviour change. We have identified where GM Moving can support the missions of the ICP strategy These are outlined below and will be the focus of our collective efforts in this area in the next three to five years.
- While You Wait – supporting people waiting for hospital treatment
- Deconditioning and Falls Prevention
- Mental Health and Wellbeing
- Health and Care Workforce Wellbeing
- Priority Clinical pathways (Respiratory, CVD and Cancer)
- Healthy Active Places
- Women’s Health
- Embed GM Moving (movement, physical activity, and sport) across the health and care mode through a universal and targeted approach to tackle inequalities in inactivity
- Continue to connect with national and international networks such as the Active Partnership Network and the Global Community of Practice, to learn from, and share our understanding of whole system approaches to physical activity
Measuring our delivery
- Reduce inequalities by increasing physical activity rates amongst the groups most likely to be physically inactive, with a specific focus on lower socio-economic groups; culturally diverse communities; disabled people; people with long-term health conditions
- Reduce whole population inactivity rates as measured by the active lives survey and close the gap to the national average
Accountability
Action: Promoting Mental Wellbeing
It is our ambition to create a unified, integrated, and equitable system in which every child, adult, and place matters. We aim to achieve this through our new GM Mental Health and Wellbeing Strategy.
The strategy recognises a need to focus on early intervention and prevention. Poor mental health and ill health has its roots in our experiences and opportunities in early life and throughout the life course. We know that some individuals, communities, and cohorts are at greater risk and are underserved by the support that exists.
Our key workstreams include:
- Tackling inequalities through the allocation of grant funding to the VCSE sector to focus on those individuals, communities, and cohorts who are at greater risk
- Delivering training and development to boost the understanding, confidence and skills of the wider health and social care workforce in relation to responding to poor mental wellbeing and building positive mental wellbeing
- Raise population level awareness to enable more people to identify and access timely self-help, support and services if required that will improve outcomes and reduce the need to access clinical support.
- Continue to deliver workforce training, such as Connect 5, that is based on best practice and trauma informed evidence to inform and support our workforce to deliver better mental wellbeing outcomes for population
- Use the information and insight gathered in the #BeeWell survey of young people’s wellbeing to inform and develop our priorities – including on mental wellbeing.
Measuring our Delivery
- Improved wellbeing, satisfaction, worthwhile, happiness and anxiety as measured through the national ONS survey questions and the supplementary data provided by the quarterly GM Residents Survey
- 10% reduction in population reporting they do not know how to access timely self-help and further support by the end of 2023/24 and a 100% reduction by the end of the 5-year period meaning that every person in GM knows how to access self help and support if they require it
Accountability
- GM Population Health Board
- GM Mental Health Programme Board
Action: Food and Healthy Weight
Obesity and poor diet are linked with numerous health conditions. In GM, nearly two-thirds of adults (65.8%), and 40% of children in year six, are classified as overweight or obese (significantly higher than the England average)[9] .
There is a strong relationship between obesity and deprivation, and rates are higher in some ethnic minority groups. Creating opportunities for people to be a healthy weight requires a whole system approach, and policies and programmes at neighbourhood, city-region, national and international levels. We will:
- Initially focus on supporting a whole system approach to food and healthy weight for pregnant women, children and young people and families
- Further develop primary care pathways into weight management services that align the local well-being offer with the national digital weight management programme.
Measuring our Delivery
- Increase in healthy weight prevalence for Y6 pupils across GM from 58.4% (latest GM data for 2021/22) to 60.8% (latest England average for 2021/22).
- Reduction in prevalence of overweight (including obesity) for Y6 pupils across GM from 40% (latest GM data for 2021/22) to 37.8% (latest England average for 2021/22).
- Reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults
Accountability
- GM Population Health Board
Action: Improving Sexual Health Services
A high-quality system for sexual and reproductive health across Greater Manchester will ensure that everyone living in GM is able to exercise personal choice and self-management regarding sexuality, sexual health, and contraception, so they can access the right support where and when they need it. It should offer open access high quality, confidential services, and the pathways between primary and secondary care should be clear. Schools and services focused on young people play an important role in ensuring they have access to education and support to enable them to build healthy relationships and protect themselves from sexual exploitation.
To this end, the Greater Manchester Sexual Health Network (GMSHN) is currently updating the GM Sexual Health Strategy and this work will be completed in 2023/24.
Measuring our Delivery
- Diagnosis rate of STIs (syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydia)
- Under 25s repeat abortions
- Abortions under 10 weeks
- Total prescribed LARC (Long Acting Reversible Contraception)
- Under 18s conception rate
Accountability
- GM Population Health Board
- GM Sexual Health Network
Action: Eliminating New Cases of HIV, Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C
GM has some of the highest diagnosed prevalence rates of HIV in the country, and The prevalence of HIV in GM is among the highest in the country, and over a third of diagnoses are made at a late stage. Preventing HIV, hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) virus infection, diagnosing them early, engaging people in care and starting treatment at an early stage are all critical to preventing the associated health consequences, including premature death, and to preventing onward transmission.
Towards Zero – the HIV action plan for England outlines plans to reach zero new transmissions of HIV by 2030, with an interim target of an 80% reduction in HIV transmissions by 2025. For GM, this means a target of under 35 new diagnoses a year by 2025. NHSE has also set out its ambition to eliminate HCV by 2025; five years earlier than WHO targets for hepatitis. In 2018, the Mayor of Greater Manchester and all 10 Council leaders signed the Paris Declaration and Greater Manchester joined the Fast-Track Cities Initiative, committing to achieve the UNAIDS targets for HIV (which GM has now reached and exceeded). In the same year, a transformation programme (‘ending all new cases of HIV in Greater Manchester within a generation’ – HIVe) was launched.
Over the next five years, we will:
- Continue to support the delivery and development of HIV and HCV opt-out testing at Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT)
- Support mobilisation and development of HIV and HCV opt-out testing at Salford Royal Hospital
- Work towards including HBV in ED opt-out testing projects (as done in Greater London) and scope out the feasibility of extending blood-borne virus testing to additional sites in GM, aiming for a GM-wide testing approach
- Continue investment and activity in the HIVe programme, and co-design of proposals for the next phase. This will be informed by community insights work, commissioned to identify populations not reached by HIVe activities to date, and to identify the barriers and facilitators to accessing care and support, by increasing education, tackling stigma, and supporting activities aligned to Greater Manchester’s Fast Track City status
- Continue coordinated activities to end new cases of HCV and HBV through prevention (including good IPC, health improvement messaging and HBV vaccination), harm reduction, and testing and treating target populations
Measuring our Delivery
- Increase in the proportion of eligible people attending participating emergency departments who are tested for HIV and/or HCV/HBV on an opt-out basis
- Reduction in the proportion of diagnosed HIV made late (among people first diagnosed in the UK).
- Increase in the proportion of people living with HIV who have a diagnosis, are on treatment and who maintain a fully supressed virus.
- Reduce new infections of HCV and HBV by 90% by 2030.
Accountability
- GM Population Health Board
- GM Sexual Health Network
- GM Blood Borne Virus (BBV) Opt Out Testing Steering Group
Action: Increasing the uptake of vaccination and immunisation, particularly amongst groups with the lowest uptake and the worst health outcomes.
High immunisation rates are key to preventing the spread of infectious disease, the associated complications, and premature death[10]. However, there are avoidable inequalities in immunisation rates between population groups, and the likelihood of complete and timely vaccination is influenced by variables such as where people live, their socio-economic status and their ethnic group 1 .
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine uptake rates for routine childhood programmes have fallen globally. Coverage for the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination programme in the UK has also fallen to the lowest level in a decade. Uptake of the first dose of MMR by two years of age, and uptake of both doses of MMR by five years of age is below the 95% threshold across GM and has dropped in almost all locality areas compared with pre-pandemic.
Over the next five years, we will:
- Finalise and implement the GM winter vaccination strategy for COVID and flu once the upcoming national immunisation strategy is published
- Aligning with national plans, bring forward the second dose of the MMR vaccine from 3 years 4 months to 18 months of age (implementation by 2024/25) to improve coverage
- Review, refresh and then implement (Q2-4 2023/24) the GM measles and rubella elimination strategy action plan in collaboration with stakeholders across the system
- Commission behavioural insight work to understand the motivators, drivers, situational changes, nudge factors and steps that lead to positive attitudinal and change in members of communities where vaccine uptake is low and implement strategies to effect change
- Support catch up vaccination in response to health protection incidents
Measuring our Delivery
- Achieve and sustain ≥ 95% coverage with two doses of the MMR vaccine in the routine childhood programme (
- Increase the proportion of people over 65 receiving a seasonal flu vaccination to ≥ 85
- Demonstrate improvements in flu and COVID-19 uptake, and reduce inequalities in uptake in specified cohorts
Accountability
- GM Population Health Board
- Screening and Immunisation Oversight Committee
Area of Focus: Upscaling Secondary Prevention
Secondary prevention refers to a wide range of the activities included throughout this mission: from supporting people to take an active part to improve their own health by promoting healthier behaviours; to earlier detection and diagnosis of illness; to high impact interventions for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and respiratory disease
Action: Early cancer diagnosis through screening and early detection
Cancers are a significant driver of avoidable mortality. Effective cancer screening programmes and other activities that increase the proportion of cancers diagnosed at an early, more treatable stage have a central role to play in reducing premature mortality and morbidity.
The NHS Long Term Plan outlines the ambition for 75% of people with cancer to be diagnosed at an early stage (stage 1 or 2) by 2028. Research shows that eliminating socioeconomic inequalities in stage at diagnosis across several different cancers could result in a 4% shift to early-stage cancer diagnosis[11].
Over the next five years, we will implement improvements to cancer screening programmes to improve access and maximise uptake. These include:
- Continue staged roll-out of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme to younger age groups in line with the NHS Long Term Plan ambition to lower the starting age to 50. During 2023, we will continue the rollout to 54-year-olds, and then progress to 50- and 52-year-olds in 2024/25
- Remodel regional breast screening services for GM to deliver the infrastructure and integrated models of care to provide a high quality, efficient, sustainable service for all patients
- Implementing 5-year screening intervals for women aged 25 to 49 testing HPV negative on a routine screen
- Commission bowel, cervical and breast screening behavioural insights work to improve understanding of the barriers and motivators to accessing cancer screening for populations across GM. This will be completed in Q1 and 2 of 2023/24 and inform a GM wide communications campaign and future commissioning approaches
We will implement the GM Cancer Alliance 2023-24 programme of work on early diagnosis. This is overseen by the Early Diagnosis Programme Board. The work includes:
- Patient and public awareness to promote timely presentation – ongoing programme of communication with locality support and involvement. Funding to be allocated to support this in 2023-24, at a GM and locality level
- Primary Care Pathways – primary care engagement and education to support delivery of the Early Diagnosis Primary Care Network Direct Enhanced Service. Testing new referral pathways, including the national pharmacy referral pilot – GM is one of three national pilot sites
- GP Direct Access Diagnostics – ensuring GP have access to the appropriate range of pre-referral diagnostics and encouraging use of the established ‘non-specific symptoms’ (NSS) pathways.
- Targeted Lung Health Checks (TLHC) – continued delivery and further expansion of this programme across Greater Manchester. This project is supported by additional targeted funding allocated to the Cancer Alliance
- Cancer Screening Programmes – joint work with the NHSE/I Screen and Immunisation Team and colleagues in primary care to improve uptake of the three cancer screening programmes and reduce inequalities in access, experience and outcomes.
Measuring our Delivery
- Increasing and maintaining breast cancer screening coverage to ≥70% and reduce inequalities between specified cohorts.
- Increasing and maintaining cervical screening coverage (under and over 50) to ≥80% and reduce inequalities between specified cohorts.
- Increasing bowel cancer screening coverage in all age cohorts (aged 50-74 years) and reduce inequalities between specified cohorts.
- Reduction in the under 75 mortality rate from cancer considered preventable
- Increase the proportion of people with cancer diagnosed at an early stage (1 or 2) to ≥75% by 2028
- Meet the Faster Diagnosis Standard (FDS) Standard by March 2024 so that 75% of patients who have been urgently referred by their GP for suspected cancer are diagnosed or have cancer ruled out within 28 days
Accountability
- Population Health Board
- Cancer Board
- Locality Boards
- Primary Care System Board
- Screening and Immunisation Oversight Committee
Action: Early detection and prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
We will improve earlier detection of undiagnosed illness and earlier identification will enable earlier initiation of treatment. Given the inequity in health outcomes we currently see across GM, these key activities will focus on reducing inequalities in access and experience of healthcare and in reducing unwarranted variation in earlier diagnosis rates.
Earlier diagnosis of CVD
Whilst Cardiovascular disease (CVD) Prevention involves optimising and streamlining clinical pathways and areas, the underlying complexity and overlap with social and wider determinants of health means that a concerted system response is required. This needs to be combined with new ways of working with and for our communities: starting to change the dialogue from one about patients to people.
CVD has been identified as the single biggest area where our NHS can save lives over the next 10 years. The NHS Long Term Plan aims to prevent up to 150,000 heart attacks, strokes, and cases of dementia over 10 years. Key areas of focus include:
- Increase percentage of patients with hypertension treated to NICE guidance to 77% by March 2024
- Increase the percentage of patients aged between 25 and 84 years with a CVD risk score greater than 20% on lipid lowering therapies to 60%
- Continue to address health inequalities and deliver on the Core20PLUS5 approach
Modifiable risk factors explain 90% of CVD incidence and up to 80% of premature deaths from CVD are preventable 4 . Many people are living with common, treatable risk factors that significantly increase the risk of developing CVD:
- High blood pressure affects 1 in 4 adults, of whom half are undiagnosed or not receiving treatment. In GM, only 61% of adults with hypertension are treated to target.
- Nearly half of adults have cholesterol above recommended guidelines. In GM, 62% of people with no CVD, but a QRISK (Heart Attack and Stroke Risk Calculator) score of 20% or more are on lipid lowering therapy
- An estimated 1.4 million people have atrial fibrillation (AF), of whom almost 500,000 are undiagnosed and untreated[12] . In GM, around 89% of adults with AF and a CHA2DS2-VASc (Score for AF Stroke Risk) score of 2 or more are currently treated with anticoagulants
In general, GM figures are lower or worse than the England average, with variation between local authority areas in terms of both the prevalence and management of these risk factors.
NHS health checks are a crucial part of our prevention plans. We will continue to drive uptake of health checks across GM by:
- Focusing NHS Health Check recovery on high-risk priority people and explore mixed models of delivery to increase engagement
- Maximise impact of the programme by increasing prescribing of hypertensives and statins, referral into prevention programmes and links into wider welfare and support
- Explore a GM training approach which supports consistent and high-quality delivery and performance with a strong focus on effective behaviour change which is strength based and aligns to approaches to social prescribing and personalised care.
We will improve the identification and treatment of people with Hypertension by:
- Community pharmacy blood pressure case finding service. We have 456 community pharmacies providing a blood pressure (BP) case-finding service. These will be supported by the development of guidance for primary care around collaborating with community pharmacies.
- Supporting opportunistic blood pressure screening across all health and social care settings, making every contact count. Following the national rollout of the BP@home scheme, GM distributed over 10,000 BP machines across GP surgeries throughout so that patients can record their own blood pressure and send their readings to their GP practice to review
Measuring our Delivery
- Increase percentage of patients with hypertension treated to NICE guidance to 77% by March 2024
- Increase the percentage of patients aged between 25 and 84 years with a CVD risk score greater than 20% on lipid lowering therapies to 60%
- Reduction in prevalence gaps across our localities
- Reduction in inequalities in outcomes
- Improvement in the expected vs recorded prevalence of illnesses across differing socio-economic and ethnic groups
- Increased use of Community Pharmacy blood pressure case finding service
- Increased recorded prevalence of NDH (Non-Diabetic Hyperglycaemia) diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, obesity and behavioural risk factors
Accountability
- GM CV Prevention and Cardiac Board
- GM Clinical Effectiveness Group
- Locality Boards
- Primary Care System Board
Lipid management: Improve the identification and treatment of people with high cholesterol
Currently in GM we have approximately 11,000 patients who have had a CVD event, known to need basic statin medication to manage their cholesterol but who are not receiving this medication (cohort 1), plus a further 8,000 patients who are maximised for statin medication and yet their cholesterol levels remain unmanaged (cohort 4). These two cohorts are the two highest risk patient cohorts for our populations in terms of developing further cardiovascular events (such as a stroke or a heart attack). Our key actions in this area include:
- Development of a GMbespokerisk stratified case management tool Enabled on the Greater Manchester Shared Care Record, allowing system level data insight – shared with localities
- Development of lipids educational and training resources, including webinars, case management tool, medication pathway.
- An enhanced clinical pharmacist third-party review service for primary care supporting the optimisation of lipid lowering therapies for high-risk patients
Measuring our Delivery
- Improvements in the numbers of patients across the highest risk cohorts who are initiated on therapy against pathway criteria 1 and 4
- We conservatively estimate that optimising these patients will realise a 17% reduction on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) + events, 15% in MACE events and a total of 1,067 non-fatal events avoided
- Improvements in the proportion of patients who are optimised against the Accelerated Access Collaborative medication pathway
Accountability
- GM CV Prevention and Cardiac Board
- GM Clinical Effectiveness Group
- Locality Boards
- Primary Care System Board
Action: Earlier diagnosis of Respiratory Conditions through Quality Assured Spirometry
There are thousands of people in GM who have COPD but are undiagnosed. NHS RightCare estimate this to be around 19,000. Spirometry is essential for the diagnosis of respiratory conditions such as COPD and asthma. Limited spirometry has been provided across Greater Manchester since COVID-19 due to infection prevention and control measures. Spirometry restart is necessary for the diagnosis of patients presenting with new symptoms but also to catch up on the backlog of people who have been unable to access spirometry over the past three years. Spirometry provision will be embedded in the community so it can be aligned with Community Diagnostic Centres (CDCs). Spirometry is best delivered to patients close to their home and in General Practices within Primary care networks, and the provision of it should be quality assured. FeNO[13] is also an integral part to make a diagnosis of asthma.
Our focus is on achieving the following outcomes:
- To increase the number of people accurately diagnosed with COPD, asthma
- To increase the proportion of people diagnosed with COPD confirmed using post bronchodilator spirometry that is quality assured
- To increase the proportion of people with COPD who are diagnosed compared to predicted prevalence
- To reduce the risks related to inappropriate treatment of individuals misdiagnosed, and the associated medicines waste and environmental impact
Measuring our Delivery
- Decrease Backlog in Spirometry
- Reduce respiratory referrals into secondary care
- Increase in diagnostic spirometry for children
- Increase the number of people who have been diagnosed with Asthma/COPD and have a quality assured spirometry on record
Accountability
- Primary Care System Board
- GM Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Group
Action: Early detection of unmet health needs for those living with Learning Disability and those with Severe Mental Illness (SMI)
Learning from lives and deaths – people with a learning disability and autistic people (LeDeR) is an NHS England service improvement programme. Its purpose is to improve the quality of health and social care for people with a learning disability by requiring a review of the care received by a person after their death. The role of health checks is key in supporting earlier access to healthcare and earlier detection of unmet health needs.
We are committed to increasing the number of people with SMI having an annual physical health check. We know that people living with severe mental illness face one of the largest equalities gaps in England. The life expectancy for people with SMI is 15-20 years lower than the general population and this disparity is partly due to physical health needs being overlooked. Smoking is the largest avoidable cause of premature death, with more than 40% of adults with SMI smoking. By ensuring that people with SMI have access to annual physical health checks, we can address this inequality and help people to live healthier lives for longer.
The CORE20PLUS5 Framework sets out the ambition for at least 75% of those living with a Learning Disability and at least 60% of those living with SMI to receive an annual health check.
Over the next five years, in partnership with experts by experience, we will:
- Work with General Practice to increase the numbers of people with Learning Disability on the General Practice Learning Disability register to reduce the numbers of those ‘missing’ from the register
- Increase both the uptake and quality of LD Annual Health Check (AHC), including provision of meaningful Health Action Plans (HAP) to meet (or exceed) national target of 75%
- Develop and provide quality information for people with Learning Disability, families, health, and social care providers
- Deliver health cafes, providing a structured platform to share accessible evidenced based information to people with Learning Disability
- Continue to co-produce and embed innovative models to improve access for SMI patients and their physical health checks using principles of Making Every Contact Count
- Ensure people are supported to make the lifestyle and behaviour changes needed to achieve and sustain improvements in their physical health through personalised care planning. This will address the full needs of the person taking steps to combat loneliness, isolation and promoting wider engagement in self-care, exercise, healthy eating and lifestyle
- Ensure that primary care teams continue to carry out annual physical health assessments and follow-up care for patients who are not in contact with secondary mental health services and patients with SMI who have been in contact with secondary care mental health teams for more than 12 months and /or whose condition has stabilised
- Ensure that secondary care teams continue to carry out annual physical health assessments and follow-up care for patients with SMI under the care of a mental health team for less than 12 months and/or whose condition has not yet stabilised
Measuring our Delivery
- Achieving 75% uptake rate for annual health checks for those with Learning Disability across NHS GM
- Increase in those from ethnically diverse communities on register and having an LD AHC/HAP
- Increase in young people aged 14-25 on GP register and having an LD AHC/HAP
- Increase in LeDeR reviews identifying positive impact of AHC/HAP (and decrease in those not having one)
- Achieving 60% uptake rate for annual health checks for those with Severe Mental Illness across NHS GM
Accountability
- The GM LD&A delivery Group
- The GM Good Health Group
- The GM LDA Strategic Group
- GM Mental Health Board
- GM Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Group
Area of Focus: Living Well with long-term conditions
We have described the actions to prevent the worsening of disease, particularly of CVD, Diabetes and Respiratory disease. We now move focus to consider how we can support those with established long-term conditions to live well. The focus on prevention at every stage of the patient journey is to improve health and reduce severity of illness and to shift the balance away from care in hospitals towards care at home, with appropriate support.
Action: Managing Multimorbidity and Complexity
Multimorbidity is a term used to describe the presence of two or more long-term health conditions, and includes both physical and mental health conditions, ongoing conditions such as learning disability, symptom complexes such as frailty or chronic pain, sensory impairment such as visual loss and alcohol/substance misuse[14].
Over the next five years, we will:
- Obtain the data to understand the prevalence of those living with multimorbidity in Greater Manchester, with a particular focus on identifying inequity and unwarranted variation
- Develop a strategic multi-morbidity approach to long term conditions, which will include person centred care and shared decision making aligned with the national Major Conditions Strategy.
- Establish a systemwide approach to Chronic Musculoskeletal Conditions (including back pain), Chronic Pain and Chronic Fatigue
Measuring our Delivery
- We will design/develop an approach to multimorbidity in years 1-2 of the Joint Forward Plan
- We will evidence delivery of this over years 3-5
Accountability
- GM Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Group
- GM Population Health Board
Action: Optimising treatment of long-term conditions
The focus here is the optimal treatment of the three main conditions driving preventable disability and mortality – cardiovascular disease, diabetes and respiratory disease
Cardiovascular Disease
Following a cardiac event, such as a heart attack, research shows that cardiac rehabilitation has a positive impact on wellbeing and quality of life and can also reduce the risk of being re-admitted into hospital with subsequent cardiac events.
Measuring our Delivery
- 85% of eligible Acute Coronary Syndrome patients attending cardiac rehab
- 33% of eligible and newly diagnosed Heart Failure patients completing a personalised cardiac rehabilitation programme by 2028/29
Accountability
- Quality and Performance Committee
Improving access to diagnostics for people with Heart Failure
People with Heart Failure are often admitted to hospital due to limited access to diagnostics and treatments in the community. Improving access could prevent up to 230,000 hospital admissions and 30,000 deaths from heart and circulatory diseases over the next decade in England.
We will use digital services to support improvements. These include:
- GM heart failure digital care plan. We are working together to transform care planning in HF to a standardised digital heart failure care plan that can be utilised across care settings via the GM Care Record. It will support patients to be managed more effectively within the community while also empowering patients to take greater control and be more informed. It is currently being piloted in Rochdale and Tameside with a view to spread across the whole of GM.
- Remote Monitoring for Heart Failure. We are testing out a remote monitoring platform that allows people with heart failure to be monitored remotely
Measuring our Delivery
- Roll out of standardised digital heart failure care plan
Accountability
- Quality and Performance Committee
Improving survival rates for Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is attempted in nearly 30,000 people who suffer out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in England each year, but survival rates are low and compare unfavourably to other countries.
Many lives can be saved if:
- CPR and early defibrillation are undertaken promptly and more often
- The whole pathway of care from successful resuscitation to subsequent rehabilitation were improved.
We will work with the British Heart Foundation to roll out training initiatives to support education on the use of defibrillators.
Measuring our Delivery
- Our ambition in GM is to increase the survival rates for our patients to 25%.
Accountability
- Quality and Performance Committee
Diabetes
Over 170,000 people are living with Diabetes in GM and many others are at risk of developing the condition. We reviewed and refreshed the GM Diabetes Strategy in 2022.
Our main areas of delivery include:
- Structured Diabetes Education is being in adapted to offer it in more culturally appropriate formats for different communities (South Asian, Black and Afro-Caribbean, Deaf people, visually impaired people)
- The nationally commissioned BHS Type 2 Diabetes Pathway to Remission (formerly known as low-calorie diet) is being offered across GM, providing a 12 week total diet replacement course under clinical supervision
- Healthier You, the national diabetes prevention support offer, is being offered across GM with 14,000 places available each year
- A Diabetes Transition Strategy is being developed to set out the GM vision for improved transition for children living with diabetes into adult care services
- Diabetes My Way (diabetesmyway.nhs.uk) provides self-management support for people living with diabetes in GM by providing access to their own GP diabetes data dashboard, personalised advice, digital structured education, and support resources
Measuring our Delivery
Using the GM Diabetes Intelligence Dashboard, we will measure key metrics at practice, PCN, locality and GM level, including:
- The prevalence of diabetes in GM
- Number of referrals and programme starts in the National Diabetes Prevention Programme
- Number of patients completing all 8 diabetes care processes (and individual care processes)
- Number of patients achieving all 3 diabetes treatment targets (and individual treatment targets)
- Number of patients attending structured diabetes education
- Number of referrals and programme starts into the NHS Type 2 Diabetes Pathway to remission programme
- Number of diabetes patients living with additional risk factors and/or other long-term conditions
Accountability
- GM Diabetes Board
- GM Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Group
Respiratory Disease
In GM in 2019, 26.78% of all respiratory hospital admissions were due to influenza or pneumonia. Influenza and pneumonia are one of the highest areas of spend due to non- elective admissions (source NHS RightCare).
The uptake of influenza, covid and pneumococcal vaccination varies across GM localities and across risk groups and all age groups. Increasing uptake rates of these vaccinations for people with respiratory disease, will lead to avoidance or reduction in severity of winter respiratory illness for the individual and reduce avoidable unplanned admissions to hospital.
We will work with vaccination and immunisations teams (as described in section 6.2.7) to deliver a comprehensive and targeted offer of vaccination for those with respiratory disease
Measuring our Delivery
- Reduction in hospital admissions due to influenza and pneumonia
Accountability
- Quality and Performance Committee
COPD
Prevention of COPD by supporting people to stop smoking and earlier detection of COPD through quality assured Spirometry is considered earlier in this plan. Once COPD has been diagnosed, the priority turns to enabling a good quality of life by preventing progression and complications. Respiratory conditions are long-term conditions, with stable periods and exacerbations, and many patients experience deterioration over time. This means the access to services is an important aspect of care.
We will enhance and expand the Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) programme across GM. We have established a GM PR collaborative to reduce variation in offer, standards and access. Over 2023/24, we will roll out the standardised PR educational booklet; work with community teams to provide early education sessions; continue to work towards national accreditation.
We will explore community based and led rehabilitation/ patient expert education group models and will work with other rehabilitation groups (e.g., cardiac rehabilitation) to provide a person-centred offer which encompasses other rehabilitation and chronic disease education.
Measuring our Delivery
- Achieve nationally recognised accreditation standards for all pulmonary rehabilitation services
- Reduction in waiting times for PR
- Increase in choice of delivery of PR
Accountability
- Quality and Performance Committee
Action: Role out the Manchester Amputation Reduction Strategy (MARS) across NHS GM
The Manchester Amputation Reduction Strategy (MARS) is an example of a ‘whole systems’ approach to a single clinical problem: How do we reduce lower limb amputations secondary to chronic disease across Greater Manchester? A multi-disciplinary team came together to co-design a solution.
The work began with understanding amputation inequalities across regional, gender, ethnic and diabetes groups. An amputation is often the result of an ulcer that is inadequately treated which itself is often the result of chronic disease that is, itself, poorly managed.
MARS has 4 programmes of work being developed and becoming ready to scale up;
- ‘Move More’: Improve physical activity in the general and ulcer population by linking Public Health services with clinical pathways both face to face and digitally
- ‘Reduce Inequality more’: Level up access for all lower limb ulcers to the diabetes standard
- ‘Diagnose more’:Raise capabilities and confidence of community nursing and podiatry teams to perform more non-invasive vascular assessments
- ‘Make every contact count more’:Use Public Health Screening programmes e.g., aneurysm screening to case-find undiagnosed conditions of concern e.g., depression, hypertension and peripheral arterial disease
Measuring our Delivery
- Enable equity of access to community podiatry services by patients with foot ulcers regardless of diabetes status
- Raise uptake levels of screening from areas with high levels of deprivation and ethnic minorities
- Raise capability of community nursing and podiatry teams to perform and interpret non-invasive lower limb vascular assessments and reduce referrals into vascular surgery by 25%
Accountability
- Cardiac SCN
- Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Committee (CEG)
- Locality Boards
- Population Health Board
Action: The GM Dementia and Brain Health Delivery Plan
Dementia is a priority for Greater Manchester. Our vision is to improve the experience of being diagnosed and living with dementia and make GM the best place to live for all those affected,
Our Strategic Aims are:
- Improving connections, quality of care and experience for everyone affected by dementia
- Promote brain health and help prevent avoidable cases of dementia, supporting wellbeing and independence
- Design, develop and facilitate education and training across all sectors
- Increase access to benefits of dementia research through awareness, involvement and participation
- Co-produce and develop a dashboard which will fully reflect lived experience, quality of care and quality of life for people affected by dementia
We are working hard to increase the dementia diagnosis rate (DDR) to pre-pandemic levels. The Greater Manchester DDR is currently above the national target (66.70%) with an average of 70% in 2022/ 2023. This is key to supporting people to live well at home for as long as possible and avoid care home or hospital admission.
Measuring our Delivery
- The longer-term ambition is for GM to recover pre-pandemic levels which reached 76% in 2018/2019. Immediate target to reduce variation across GM and to ensure that all boroughs have recovered the dementia diagnosis rate of 66.7%
- Annual Care plan reviews
- Diagnosis rates for people from BAME and LGBTQ+ community
- Qualitative experience of receiving a diagnosis
Accountability
Action: Taking an evidenced based approach to responding to frailty and preventing falls consistently across GM
Frailty is an increasingly problematic long-term health condition characterised by declining resilience and increased vulnerability to events associated with, but not specifically caused by, ageing.
We have launched the Greater Manchester Falls Collaborative to oversee and deliver the priorities for falls prevention, integration and reconditioning.
Over the next five years, we will:
- Develop GM strategy and standards focused on ageing well, identify and reduce of unwarranted variation, improve key clinical outcomes and improve patient experience for older people
- Review the Framework for Resilience and Independent Living to produce a GM Frailty Prevention and Care Strategy and an agreed set of frailty care standards for implementation to drive frailty care quality improvement.
- Develop a frailty care outcomes framework dashboard. This will be designed to support place-based teams allowing them to review, develop and quality improve services to achieve better care for local people as they age
- Co-produce and develop a system-wide Falls Prevention action plan for Greater Manchester to respond to the key thematic areas as identified in the ‘Greater Manchester Falls Prevention: Delivering Integration and Reconditioning’ [arc-gm.nihr.ac.uk] report
- Deliver on the GM wide action plan for Falls Prevention, working with each of the ten localities to build on the ‘opportunities for action’ across key areas such as: equity, access and quality, evidence-based approaches, data improvement, insight, workforce development and digital technologies
Measuring our Delivery
- New care home admission
- Death in unplanned settings including in hospital
- ED attendance and admission resulting from a fall and/or fracture
Accountability
- GM Ageing Well Steering Group
- GM Clinical Effectiveness and Governance Group
Action: Anticipatory care and management for people living with, deteriorating and dying from life limiting illness
Individuals who are experiencing a life limiting illness should be supported to live as well as they can before they die. They should be empowered to make important decisions about their care and wishes. They should be treated with dignity, respect and conversations about their condition and care should be open and honest. Appropriate and culturally sensitive care should be available to all those who need it.
It is recognised that most of an individual’s care in the last year of life will be provided in their usual place of care. However, many people in Greater Manchester die in hospital. Dying in hospital is usually the least preferred place to be.
Our focus is on:
- Delivering a palliative and end of life care transformation programme
- Ensuring that care is available to all those needing it, prioritising quality of life and living and dying well within existing legal frameworks
- Implementing a quality improvement plan against the GM Commitments and the National ambitions self-assessment
- The increased use and reporting of IPOS (Integrated Palliative Care Outcomes Scale) across Greater Manchester ensuring the transformational programme is in line with individuals’ needs
Measuring our Delivery
- The availability of 24 hour/7 day a week specialist palliative care services in Greater Manchester
- Reduction in inappropriate admissions to secondary care in the last 90 days of life
- Increased use of the EPaCCS (Electronic Palliative Care Coordination System) Summary on the Greater Manchester Care Record
- Increased identification of people with palliative and end of life care needs
Accountability
- GM Palliative and End of Life Group